Application of Alternative Methods in the Regulatory Assessment of Chemical Safety Related to Human Eye Irritation & Severe Eye Irritation
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منابع مشابه
TiO2 Nanoparticles as a Common Component of Sunscreens: An Experimental Study of Dermal/Ocular Safety Assessment
Background: The safety evaluations of sunscreens containing Titanium Dioxide-Nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) were done by dermal exposure, acute dermal and eye irritation/corrosion, and skin sensitization according to the guideline for Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was the evaluation of safety and toxicity of TiO2-NPs following acute su...
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In the last decades significant regulatory attempts were made to replace, refine and reduce animal testing to assess the risk of consumer products for the human eye. As the original in vivo Draize eye test has been criticized for limited predictivity, costs and ethical issues, several animal-free test methods have been developed to categorize substances according to the global harmonized system...
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In 1944, Draize et al., published a paper entitled "Methods for the study of irritation and toxicity of substances applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes". The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development published their first guideline on eye irritation in 1981, using rabbits. In the early eighties the development of alternative non-animal tests to replace the Draize eye ...
متن کاملECVAM key area topical toxicity: Update on activities
The European Cosmetics Directive and REACH have accelerated the need for alternative tests. Especially the animal testing ban of cosmetic ingredients from 2009 strongly impacts on the timely delivery of relevant methods. ECVAM's key area "topical toxicity" focuses on skin and eye irritation/corrosion, phototoxicity and percutaneous absorption. Regulatory accepted alternative tests are available...
متن کاملUpdate on the Colipa research programme for development of in vitro alternative methods for eye irritation
The COLIPA eye irritation programme for development of in vitro eye irritation assays incorporates integrated research projects and collaborative activities with external partners. The research projects focus on understanding mechanisms of eye injury and identification of new in vitro endpoints more predictive of the in vivo human response to chemical injury resulting in new or improved in vitr...
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تاریخ انتشار 2010